![]() The name Dutch Indies is recorded in the Dutch East India Company's documents of the early 1620s. The original name Dutch Indies ( Dutch: Nederlandsch-Indië) was translated by the English as the Dutch East Indies, to keep it distinct from the Dutch West Indies. ![]() The word Indies comes from Latin: Indus ( Names for India). The Netherlands formally recognised Indonesian sovereignty at the 1949 Dutch–Indonesian Round Table Conference with the exception of the Dutch New Guinea ( Western New Guinea), which was ceded to Indonesia 14 years later in 1963 under the provisions of the New York Agreement. Following the Japanese surrender on 15 August 1945, Indonesian nationalists declared independence which they fought to secure during the subsequent Indonesian National Revolution. Japan's World War II occupation dismantled much of the Dutch colonial state and economy. ![]() In the early 20th century, local intellectuals began developing the concept of Indonesia as a nation state, and set the stage for an independence movement. The term Indonesia came into use for the geographical location after 1880. The colonial social order was based on rigid racial and social structures with a Dutch elite living separate from but linked to their native subjects. The Dutch East Indies was one of the most valuable colonies under European rule, and contributed to Dutch global prominence in spice and cash crop trade in the 19th to early 20th centuries. It was formed from the nationalised trading posts of the Dutch East India Company, which came under the administration of the Dutch government in 1800.ĭuring the 19th century, the Dutch possessions and hegemony expanded, reaching the greatest territorial extent in the early 20th century. The Dutch East Indies, also known as the Netherlands East Indies ( Dutch: Nederlands(ch)-Indië Indonesian: Hindia Belanda), was a Dutch colony consisting of what is now Indonesia.
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